查看“需求”的源代码

游戏中，每个人群（pop）都有'''需求'''，以模拟他们消费[[商品]]的过程。这些被人群消费的商品，其数量和种类，会根据人群的[[生活水平]]而变化。大多数需求能通过一系列不同的商品来满足，因此人群在处理商品过剩和短缺时具有一定灵活性。

人群通过劳动赚取金钱（从自给农业就开始工作赚钱了，因此甚至不用修筑建筑来满足就业！），然后花钱购买（和“消费”）商品的循环，占据了维多利亚3中经济模拟的很大一部分。你的人群有多少钱（由职业和工资决定）和商品价格（在这个国家的市场中，而不是世界市场）是相当重要的。

决定市场商品价格的主要因素，当然是供需关系了。然而[[贸易路线]]可以随时开启或关闭，他们也会影响价格。最后是[[贸易关税]]。

人群会为了满足其需求购买商品或其替代品，直到他们购买的商品数量乘以这些商品的[[基础价格]]达到每级财富水平针对每项需求所设定的阈值。所以，在满足同等需求时，高价商品的所需数量自然偏低。例如，10单位的肉类（基础价格30{{图标|money}}，能满足<math>30 \times 10 = 300
</math>需求）与15单位的谷物（基础价格20{{图标|money}}，能满足<math>20 \times 15 = 300
</math>需求）能满足同样大的需求。

需求满足的相关计算，仅与购买量、基本价格和潜在痴迷/禁忌有关。

== 需求种类 ==


不同商品拥有不同的消费权重。这些权重与市场数据一起，作为人群满足单项需求所需商品的购买方案的参考。这个购买方案的准确公式目前未知，并且很可能有误<ref>[[Forum:1554674|"Victoria III - Heating Goods Substitution Not Correct"]]. Victoria 3 official forum.</ref>，但更大的权重值的确会让人群优先购买这一商品。

任何一种商品都不能完全满足大部分需求。举个例子，无限供应的玻璃并不能满足人群的“家用物品”需求，他们至少还要买一些家具和/或者纸张。

默认情况下，以下所有商品的权重是相等的，可以满足最高80%的需求（对特殊商品，则是100%），没有最低需求。例外情况会于括号内说明。

{| class="wikitable plainlist" style="text-align:center; white-space:nowrap"
|+人群需求<ref>{{path|1=common/pop_needs/00_pop_needs.txt}}</ref>
! rowspan="3" style="width:calc(100%/11);" |需求
! colspan="11" |生活水平（上为名称，下为数值）
|-
|[[File:SOL starving.png|28px]] 饥饿 ||[[File:SOL struggling.png|28px]] 挣扎 ||[[File:SOL impoverished.png|28px]] 贫困 ||[[File:SOL middling.png|28px]] 温饱 ||[[File:SOL secure.png|28px]] 安稳 ||[[File:SOL prosperous.png|28px]] 宽裕 ||[[File:SOL affluent.png|28px]] 殷实 || colspan="2" |[[File:SOL wealthy.png|28px]] 富有 ||[[File:SOL lavish.png|28px]] 奢侈 ||[[File:SOL opulent.png|28px]] 奢华
|-
| style="width:calc(100%/11);" | 1 – 4 || style="width:calc(100%/11);" | 5 – 9 || style="width:calc(100%/11);" | 10 – 14 || style="width:calc(100%/11);" | 15 – 19 || style="width:calc(100%/11);" | 20 – 24 || style="width:calc(100%/11);" | 25 – 29 || style="width:calc(100%/11);" | 30 – 39 || style="width:calc(50%/11);" | 40 – 44 || style="width:calc(50%/11);" | 45 – 49 || style="width:calc(100%/11);" | 50 – 59 || style="width:calc(100%/11);" | 60 +
|-
! colspan="12" |
|-
|基础食品
| colspan="6" |
{{MultiColumn|
*{{图标|Grain}} ({{图标|money}}20)
*{{图标|Fish}} ({{图标|money}}20)
*{{图标|Meat}} ({{图标|money}}30, 权重 ×0.5, 最高 40%)
*{{图标|Fruit}} ({{图标|money}}30, 权重 ×0.5, 最高 40%)
*{{图标|Groceries}} ({{图标|money}}30)
|3}}
| colspan="5" style="background: #eaecf0; color: #2C2C2C;" | —
|-
| 高档食品
| colspan="4" style="background: #eaecf0; color: #2C2C2C;" | —
| colspan="7" |
{{MultiColumn|
*{{图标|Meat}} ({{图标|money}}30, 最高 40%)
*{{图标|Fruit}} ({{图标|money}}30, 最高 40%)
*{{图标|Groceries}} ({{图标|money}}30, 最高 40%)
*{{图标|Sugar}} ({{图标|money}}30, 权重 ×0.5, 最高 40%)
|2}}
|-
! colspan="12" |
|-
|简朴衣物
| colspan="3" |
{{MultiColumn|
*{{图标|Fabric}} ({{图标|money}}20)
*{{图标|Clothes}} ({{图标|money}}30)
|2}}
| colspan="8" style="background: #eaecf0; color: #2C2C2C;" | —
|-
|标准衣物
| colspan="2" style="background: #eaecf0; color: #2C2C2C;" | —
| colspan="5" |{{图标|Clothes}} ({{图标|money}}30)
| colspan="4" style="background: #eaecf0; color: #2C2C2C;" | —
|-
! colspan="12" |
|-
|粗制物品
| style="background: #eaecf0; color: #2C2C2C;" | —
| colspan="2" |
{{MultiColumn|
*{{图标|Wood}} ({{图标|money}}20)
*{{图标|Furniture}} ({{图标|money}}30)
|1}}
| colspan="8" style="background: #eaecf0; color: #2C2C2C;" | —
|-
|家用物品
| colspan="2" style="background: #eaecf0; color: #2C2C2C;" | —
| colspan="6" |
{{MultiColumn|
*{{图标|Furniture}} ({{图标|money}}30, 最低 5%)
*{{图标|Glass}} ({{图标|money}}40)
*{{图标|Paper}} ({{图标|money}}30, 权重 ×0.5, 最高 40%)
|2}}
| colspan="3" style="background: #eaecf0; color: #2C2C2C;" | —
|-
|高档物品
| colspan="3" style="background: #eaecf0; color: #2C2C2C;" | —
| colspan="8" |
{{MultiColumn|
*{{图标|Luxury Clothes}} ({{图标|money}}60, 最低 5%, 最高 40%)
*{{图标|Luxury Furniture}} ({{图标|money}}60, 最低 5%, 最高 40%)
*{{图标|Porcelain}} ({{图标|money}}70, 最低 5%, 最高 40%)
*{{图标|Radios}} ({{图标|money}}80, 最高 40%)
|2}}
|-
! colspan="12" |
|-
|加热供暖
| colspan="11" |
{{MultiColumn|
*{{图标|Wood}} ({{图标|money}}20, 最高 60%)
*{{图标|Fabric}} ({{图标|money}}20, 最高 60%)
*{{图标|Coal}} ({{图标|money}}30, 最高 60%)
*{{图标|Oil}} ({{图标|money}}40, 最高 60%)
*{{图标|Electricity}} ({{图标|money}}30, 权重 ×2, 最高 100%)
|3}}
|-
! colspan="12" |
|-
|麻醉品
| colspan="11" |
{{MultiColumn|
*{{图标|Liquor}} ({{图标|money}}30, 最高 60%)
*{{图标|Tobacco}} ({{图标|money}}40, 最高 60%)
*{{图标|Opium}} ({{图标|money}}50, 最高 60%)
|3}}
|-
|高档饮品
| colspan="3" style="background: #eaecf0; color: #2C2C2C;" | —
| colspan="8" |
{{MultiColumn|
*{{图标|Tea}} ({{图标|money}}50, 最高 60%)
*{{图标|Coffee}} ({{图标|money}}50, 最高 60%)
*{{图标|Wine}} ({{图标|money}}50, 最高 60%)
|3}}
|-
! colspan="12" |
|-
|服务
| colspan="2" style="background: #eaecf0; color: #2C2C2C;" | —
| colspan="9" |{{图标|Services}} ({{图标|money}}30)
|-
|自由迁徙
| colspan="3" style="background: #eaecf0; color: #2C2C2C;" | —
| colspan="8" |
{{MultiColumn|
*{{图标|Services}} ({{图标|money}}30, 权重 ×0.1)
*{{图标|Transportation}} ({{图标|money}}30)
*{{图标|Automobiles}} ({{图标|money}}100)
|3}}
|-
|通讯
| colspan="4" style="background: #eaecf0; color: #2C2C2C;" | —
| colspan="7" |
{{MultiColumn|
*{{图标|Services}} ({{图标|money}}30, 权重 ×0.1)
*{{图标|Transportation}} ({{图标|money}}30, 权重 ×0.1)
*{{图标|Telephones}} ({{图标|money}}70)
|3}}
|-
|艺术
| colspan="6" style="background: #eaecf0; color: #2C2C2C;" | —
| colspan="5" |
{{MultiColumn|
*{{图标|Services}} ({{图标|money}}30, 权重 ×0.05)
*{{图标|Fine Art}} ({{图标|money}}200)
|2}}
|-
! colspan="12" |
|-
! rowspan="3" |需求
| 1 – 4 || 5 – 9 || 10 – 14 || 15 – 19 || 20 – 24 || 25 – 29 || 30 – 39 || 40 – 44 || 45 – 49 || 50 – 59 || 60 +
|-
|[[File:SOL starving.png|28px]] 饥饿 ||[[File:SOL struggling.png|28px]] 挣扎 ||[[File:SOL impoverished.png|28px]] 贫困 ||[[File:SOL middling.png|28px]] 温饱 ||[[File:SOL secure.png|28px]] 安稳 ||[[File:SOL prosperous.png|28px]] 宽裕 ||[[File:SOL affluent.png|28px]] 殷实 || colspan="2" |[[File:SOL wealthy.png|28px]] 富有 ||[[File:SOL lavish.png|28px]] 奢侈 ||[[File:SOL opulent.png|28px]] 奢华
|-
! colspan="11" | 生活水平（上为数值，下为名称）
|}

== 特殊人群 ==

=== 自给农 ===
{{图标|peasants|21px}} Peasants, i.e. population working on subsistence buildings, buy from market 10% of what a pop belonging to a profession would normally buy.<ref name=":0">consumption_mult at {{path|common/pop_types/peasants.txt}}</ref>

{{图标|peasants|21px}}自给农，也就是在自给建筑内工作的人群，一般情况下其在市场上的购买量仅为拥有工作人群购买量的10%<ref name=":0" />。

=== 受抚养人口 ===
Dependents per person need half of the consumer goods that a working adult normally requires. The default dependents to employed ratio is 3 (75% dependents, 25% working adults).<ref name=":1">WORKING_ADULT_RATIO_BASE at  {{path|common/defines/00_defines.txt}}</ref> For example, a pop with 10,000 people may have 2,500 working adults and 7,500 dependents<ref name=":2">DEPENDENT_CONSUMPTION_RATIO at {{path|common/defines/00_defines.txt}}</ref>. This would mean that the consumption by working adults is 40% of the pop while dependents consume 60% of the consumer goods.

每个受抚养人口所需商品为拥有工作的劳动力的一半。默认情况下，受抚养人口与劳动力的比例为3:1<ref name=":1" />。例如，一个10000人口的人群，可能包含2500名劳动力以及7500名受抚养人口<ref name=":2" />。也就是说，劳动力的消费量占总数的40%，受抚养人口消耗60%的商品。

== 商品消费的确切数字 ==
Exact number of goods that pops will consume is dependent on their wealth level, and the weight factor that they put on each [[Trade goods|goods]]. 

人群消费商品的确切数量取决于其财富水平及对每件商品的消费权重。 

The wealth level decides the standard pop needs package that Pops will consume, which is defined as {{图标|money}} cost that 10,000 pops will need to pay per category of needs to maintain their wealth level, when all goods are at their Base Price. This information is listed in {{path|common/buy_packages/00_buy_packages.txt}}. 
Pops will then purchase various Goods for a Needs Category so that the cost of goods at base price (NOT current price) will add up to the value defined on the standard pop needs package. The distribution (weight) of goods that will be purchased within a category is saved per culture at state level in the save file, under the states database. 

财富水平决定人群消费的'''标准需求包'''。标准需求包的定义为，当所有商品处于基础价格时，在当前财富水平下，10000名人群对各项需求所能支付的金钱总额{{图标|money}}。这项数据储存在{{path|common/buy_packages/00_buy_packages.txt}}文件中。人群会根据不同需求制定商品购买方案，使得这些商品的基础价格（注意不是当前价格）乘以数量再加起来的总额，达到标准需求包中的定义值。存档中，单个州内的每种文化为满足单项需求的商品购买（分配）方案储存在州数据库里。 



This means that for specific goods being purchased for specific needs category for 10,000 pops, the equation is 

<math>Cost\ of\ goods\ purchased\ at\ base\ price=\left ( \frac{Weight\ of\ goods}{Sum\ of\ all\ weights\ in\ category}\right ) \times Total\ cost\ of\ category\ in\ package
</math>.


And given that cost of goods is equal to the price of goods multiplied by volume of goods purchased, for 10,000 Pops: 

<math>Volume\ of\ goods\ purchased=\frac{1}{Base\ price\ of\ goods}\times \left ( \frac{Weight\ of\ goods}{Sum\ of\ all\ weights\ in\ category}\right ) \times Total\ cost\ of\ category\ in\ package
</math>


Finally, the size of Population can be factored in. In all Pops, 10,000 Workforce will require 1 standard Needs package, while their Dependents will only require 0.5 standard Needs Package for the same number, which means that 

<math>Volume\ purchased\ by\ specific\ Pops=\frac{Workforce + 0.5 Dependents}{10000}\times \frac{1}{Base\ price\ of\ goods}\times \left ( \frac{Weight\ of\ goods}{Sum\ of\ all\ weights\ in\ category}\right ) \times Total\ cost\ of\ category\ in\ package
</math>

== 参考 ==
<references />