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| [[File:UI elections.png|thumb|Election campaign summary showing the latest poll status and the involved parties.]] | | [[File:UI elections.png|thumb|Election campaign summary showing the latest poll status and the involved parties.|链接=Special:FilePath/UI_elections.png]] |
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| Elections can be a powerful force for political change but also a source of volatility. Dealing with (and if the player is so inclined, manipulating) election results will be a major consideration when forming the government.
| | 选举可以是政治变革的强大力量，但也可以是动荡的根源。在创建政府时，处理( 如果玩家愿意，也可以操纵) 选举结果将是最主要考虑的事务。 |
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| == Election process == | | == 选举过程 == |
| Elections happen every 4 years in countries which allow them. An election campaign begins 6 months prior to a country's election date.
| | 允许选举的国家每四年举行一次选举。竞选活动在这个国家选举日的6个月前开始。 |
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| Each political party is assigned a momentum value at the beginning of the campaign, which is a measure of the success of their campaign and is a major factor in determining how many votes they will garner on election day. During the campaign, momentum will fluctuate for each of the running political parties and impact the final result. Momentum can be affected by chance, events, and the {{icon|popularity}} popularity of interest group leaders. Since parties, leaders, and many other aspects of the political scene in the country are likely to have changed in the years between the elections, the momentum does not carry over and is reset on each election cycle.
| | 每个政党在竞选开始时都有一个声势，这是衡量他们竞选成功与否的一个标准，也是决定他们在选举日能获得多少选票的一个主要因素。在竞选期间，每个政党的声势会有所波动，并影响最终的结果。声势会受到机会、事件和利益集团领导人的{{icon|popularity}}[[角色|政治人气]]的影响。由于政党、领导人和该国政治舞台的许多其他方面可能在两次选举之间的几年里发生了变化，这种声势不会延续下去，而是在每个选举周期中重新设定。 |
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| When the election campaign ends, the votes are in and the results are set in place until the next election. Interest groups receive additional political strength from their party's votes, which will be a major factor determining the player's {{icon|legitimacy|21px}} legitimacy and therefore the effectiveness of the government. The actual makeup of the government is up to the player -- just like the electoral systems of most modern countries, winning the popular vote does not automatically mean that a certain party or coalition of parties gets to form a government. The post-election strength of the interest groups and their party affiliations should be a major consideration, especially when forming a minority government.
| | 当竞选活动结束时，选票便已经出来，结果便已经确定。利益集团从他们政党的投票中获得额外的政治力量，这将是决定玩家{{icon|legitimacy|21px}} 合法性以及政府的有效性的主要因素。政府的实际组成取决于玩家——就像大多数现代国家的选举制度一样，赢得普选并不自动意味着某个政党或政党联盟可以组建政府。选举后利益集团及其所属政党的实力应该是一个主要考虑因素，尤其是在组建少数党政府时。 |
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| == Election enabling laws == | | == 允许选举的法律 == |
| A country can have elections if it has any of the ''[[Power_structure_laws#Distribution_of_Power|Distribution of Power]]'' laws that enable voting:
| | 如果一个国家有任何''[[Power_structure_laws#Distribution_of_Power| 权力分配法律]]'' 允许投票，这个国家可以进行选举： |
| * [[File:Law landed voting.png|link=Landed voting|21px]] ''Landed voting'' - Aristocrats, capitalists, clergymen, and officers hold essentially all voting power, gaining a huge bonus to the political strength they contribute to their interest groups. | | * [[File:Law landed voting.png|link=Landed voting|21px]] '' 地产投票'' - 贵族、资本家、牧师和军官基本上拥有所有投票权，他们为自己的利益集团贡献了巨大的政治力量。 |
| * [[File:Law wealth voting.png|link=Wealth voting|21px]] ''Wealth voting'' - There is a wealth threshold that determines a pop's eligibility to vote. Pops that can vote have more political strength. | | * [[File:Law wealth voting.png|link=Wealth voting|21px]] '' 财产投票'' - 有一个财富门槛来决定一个人是否有资格投票。能投票的pop可以获得更多的投票权。 |
| * [[File:Law landed voting.png|link=Census suffrage|21px]] ''Census suffrage'' - The wealth threshold is significantly lower than in ''wealth voting''. Literate pops contribute much more political strength to their interest groups. | | * [[File:Law landed voting.png|link=Census suffrage|21px]] 资格性选举制 - 财富门槛明显低于'' 财产投票'' 。有文化的pop会为他们的利益集团贡献更多的政治力量。 |
| * [[File:Law universal suffrage.png|link=Universal suffrage|21px]] ''Universal suffrage'' - There is no wealth threshold for voting. Pop type and literacy do not grant additional political strength. Though of course a pop's wealth will continue to contribute to their political strength, and literacy will make pops more politically engaged. | | * [[File:Law universal suffrage.png|link=Universal suffrage|21px]] '' 普选制'' - 投票没有财富门槛。pop的类型和文化水平并不会带来额外的政治力量。当然，一个人的财富会继续为他的政治力量做出贡献，而识字会让他更积极地参与政治。 |
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| All of these laws are compatible with any of the ''[[Power_structure_laws#Governance_Principles|Governance Principles]]'' laws. For instance, a country with the [[File:Law monarchy.png|Monarchy|21px]] monarchy law could be an absolute monarchy with no voting system at all, or it could have universal suffrage. Likewise, a republic might very well be a [[File:Law autocracy.png|Autocracy|21px]] presidential dictatorship.
| | 所有这些法律都与''[[Power_structure_laws#Governance_Principles| 治理原则]]'' 的任何法律相兼容。例如，一个有[[File:Law monarchy.png|Monarchy|21px]] 君主制的国家可能是一个完全没有投票制度的绝对君主制国家，也可能是普选制国家。同样，一个共和国也很可能是一个[[File:Law autocracy.png|Autocracy|21px]] 总统独裁制国家。 |
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| === Prohibited voting === | | === 禁止投票 === |
| There are three factors that, when applicable, will prevent pops from voting entirely:
| | 在适用的情况下，有三个因素会完全阻止pop投票： |
| * [[File:Discriminated.png|link=Discrimination|21px]] ''Discrimination'' - Discriminated pops cannot vote in elections. | | * [[File:Discriminated.png|link=Discrimination|21px]] 歧视- 受歧视的pop不能在选举中投票。 |
| * [[File:State status unincorporated.png|link=Unincorporated state|21px]] ''Living in an unincorporated state'' - Only pops living in incorporated states can participate in elections. For example, pops living in a [[File:State status colony.png|link=Colony state|21px]] growing colony cannot vote. | | * [[File:State status unincorporated.png|link=Unincorporated state|21px]] 居住在非合并州- 只有居住在合并州的pop才能参加选举。例如，居住在一个[[File:State status colony.png|link=Colony state|21px]] 不断增长的殖民地的pop不能投票。 |
| * {{icon|Politically inactive}} ''Politically inactive pops'' - Regardless of whether they are "legally" eligible politically inactive pops do not vote. These pops are not part of any interest group, and tend to have low literacy and/or standard of living. For instance, peasants working in [[File:Building subsistence farm.png|link=Subsistence farm|21px]] subsistence farms are almost always politically inactive. | | * {{icon|Politically inactive}} 政治不活跃的pop——不管他们是否“合法”符合资格，政治不活跃的pop都不投票。这些pop不属于任何利益集团，文化水平和/ 或生活水平往往很低。例如，在[[File:Building subsistence farm.png|link=Subsistence farm|21px]] 自给农场工作的自耕农几乎总是在政治上不活跃。 |
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| == Women's suffrage movement == | | == 妇女选举权运动 == |
| Passing the [[File:Law womens suffrage.png|link=Women's suffrage law|21px]] women's suffrage law will greatly increase both your workforce ratio and your dependent enfranchisement. This means that a greater proportion of pops will be eligible to work in buildings, and a much greater proportion of dependents will now count towards the voting power of their pop.
| | 通过法律[[File:Law womens suffrage.png|link=Women's suffrage law|21px]] 妇女选举权法将大大提高你的劳动力比例和你的受抚养人口的选举权。这意味着更大比例的pop将有资格在建筑里工作，更大比例的受抚养人口现在将被计入他们pop的投票权。 |
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| Greater dependent enfranchisement inherently benefits larger pops more than smaller pops (especially under more egalitarian laws like universal suffrage where wealth counts for less), and it is inevitable that there are vastly more laborers, machinists, and farmers than there ever will be aristocrats or capitalists. As such, there will be very little support among interest groups to pass this law in 1836. Not only will the ruling interest groups strongly disapprove of women's suffrage but it will also be very harmful to their political power.
| | 更大的受抚养人口选举权本身就比起小的受抚养人口选举权更有利于较大的pop( 特别是在更平等的法律下，如普选，财富的价值更低) ，而且不可避免的是，工人、机械师和农民的数量将远远超过贵族或资本家。因此，在1836年，利益集团对通过这项法律的支持微乎其微。不仅统治利益集团强烈反对妇女选举权，而且这对他们的政治权力也非常有害。Not only will the ruling interest groups strongly disapprove of women's suffrage but it will also be very harmful to their political power. |
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| After researching feminism (or having the technology spread to the country), politicians will begin to appear with the [[File:Ideology feminist.png|link=Feminist ideology|21px]] feminist ideology, which causes them to strongly approve of women's suffrage and disapprove of less egalitarian laws. Once "Political agitation" is researched, the suffrage movement will begin in full force. The "Votes for Women" [[journal entry]] will appear, and events will trigger from it that will give the opportunity to grow or suppress the political movement. One can complete the journal entry by passing the law and having the first election campaign with women eligible to vote; alternatively the movement can be ignored or suppressed until it loses its momentum and withers away.
| | 在研究女权主义( 或将这项技术推广到全国) 后，政治家们会开始以[[File:Ideology feminist.png|link=Feminist ideology|21px]] 女权主义意识形态出现，这导致他们强烈赞成妇女选举权，不赞成不那么平等的法律。一旦研究了“政治煽动”，妇女选举权运动就会全面展开。“为女性投票”的[[journal entry|日志条目]] 将会出现，由此引发的事件将有机会发展或压制政治运动。你可以通过法律并进行第一次妇女有资格投票的选举活动来完成日志条目；或者，运动可以被忽视或压制，直到它失去动力，慢慢枯萎。 |
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| == References == | | == 引用 == |
| <references/> | | <references/> |
| [[Category:政治]] | | [[Category:政治]] |
| [[en:Elections]] | | [[en:Elections]] |
选举可以是政治变革的强大力量，但也可以是动荡的根源。在创建政府时，处理(如果玩家愿意，也可以操纵)选举结果将是最主要考虑的事务。
选举过程
允许选举的国家每四年举行一次选举。竞选活动在这个国家选举日的6个月前开始。
每个政党在竞选开始时都有一个声势，这是衡量他们竞选成功与否的一个标准，也是决定他们在选举日能获得多少选票的一个主要因素。在竞选期间，每个政党的声势会有所波动，并影响最终的结果。声势会受到机会、事件和利益集团领导人的
政治人气的影响。由于政党、领导人和该国政治舞台的许多其他方面可能在两次选举之间的几年里发生了变化，这种声势不会延续下去，而是在每个选举周期中重新设定。
当竞选活动结束时，选票便已经出来，结果便已经确定。利益集团从他们政党的投票中获得额外的政治力量，这将是决定玩家
合法性以及政府的有效性的主要因素。政府的实际组成取决于玩家——就像大多数现代国家的选举制度一样，赢得普选并不自动意味着某个政党或政党联盟可以组建政府。选举后利益集团及其所属政党的实力应该是一个主要考虑因素，尤其是在组建少数党政府时。
允许选举的法律
如果一个国家有任何权力分配法律允许投票，这个国家可以进行选举：
地产投票 - 贵族、资本家、牧师和军官基本上拥有所有投票权，他们为自己的利益集团贡献了巨大的政治力量。
财产投票 - 有一个财富门槛来决定一个人是否有资格投票。能投票的pop可以获得更多的投票权。- 资格性选举制 - 财富门槛明显低于财产投票 。有文化的pop会为他们的利益集团贡献更多的政治力量。
普选制 - 投票没有财富门槛。pop的类型和文化水平并不会带来额外的政治力量。当然，一个人的财富会继续为他的政治力量做出贡献，而识字会让他更积极地参与政治。
所有这些法律都与治理原则的任何法律相兼容。例如，一个有
君主制的国家可能是一个完全没有投票制度的绝对君主制国家，也可能是普选制国家。同样，一个共和国也很可能是一个
总统独裁制国家。
禁止投票
在适用的情况下，有三个因素会完全阻止pop投票：
歧视-受歧视的pop不能在选举中投票。
居住在非合并州-只有居住在合并州的pop才能参加选举。例如，居住在一个
不断增长的殖民地的pop不能投票。
政治不活跃的pop——不管他们是否“合法”符合资格，政治不活跃的pop都不投票。这些pop不属于任何利益集团，文化水平和/或生活水平往往很低。例如，在
自给农场工作的自耕农几乎总是在政治上不活跃。
妇女选举权运动
通过法律
妇女选举权法将大大提高你的劳动力比例和你的受抚养人口的选举权。这意味着更大比例的pop将有资格在建筑里工作，更大比例的受抚养人口现在将被计入他们pop的投票权。
更大的受抚养人口选举权本身就比起小的受抚养人口选举权更有利于较大的pop(特别是在更平等的法律下，如普选，财富的价值更低)，而且不可避免的是，工人、机械师和农民的数量将远远超过贵族或资本家。因此，在1836年，利益集团对通过这项法律的支持微乎其微。不仅统治利益集团强烈反对妇女选举权，而且这对他们的政治权力也非常有害。Not only will the ruling interest groups strongly disapprove of women's suffrage but it will also be very harmful to their political power.
在研究女权主义(或将这项技术推广到全国)后，政治家们会开始以File:Ideology feminist.png女权主义意识形态出现，这导致他们强烈赞成妇女选举权，不赞成不那么平等的法律。一旦研究了“政治煽动”，妇女选举权运动就会全面展开。“为女性投票”的日志条目将会出现，由此引发的事件将有机会发展或压制政治运动。你可以通过法律并进行第一次妇女有资格投票的选举活动来完成日志条目；或者，运动可以被忽视或压制，直到它失去动力，慢慢枯萎。
引用
君主制的国家可能是一个完全没有投票制度的绝对君主制国家，也可能是普选制国家。同样，一个共和国也很可能是一个
总统独裁制国家。
