革命:修订间差异

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[[File:UI politics movement.png|thumb|A law reform in progress and a movement to preserve the current law.]]
[[ 文件:UI politics movement.png|thumb| 正在进行的法律改革和维护现行法律的运动。|链接=Special:FilePath/UI_politics_movement.png]]


Revolutions can be seen as a result of failure in the game's economic and political core loops. When this happens it means the player have failed to balance the material and ideological desires of the different segments of the population, resulting in one or several groups deciding to take matters in their own hands. The result is a tremendous upheaval which could go very wrong -- but depending on how the cards are played, there's a chance for one to bounce back from this crisis even stronger than before.
革命可以被认为是游戏中经济和政治失衡导致的失败结果。革命的产生意味着玩家没有成功平衡不同人群对物质和精神的需求,这将会导致一个或数个群体决定在他们掌控的土地上制造麻烦。这可能会产生非常恶劣的巨大社会动荡,但是如果玩家能妥善利用这场动乱,一个国家不仅有机会从这场灾难中翻身,更能够变得比原来更强。


Outright armed uprisings are rare, but nonetheless are very much threatening. There is a lot of foreshadowing and opportunity to course-correct or compensate if the player wants to avoid a revolution. Not all movements will actually be powerful or angry enough to pose a real threat. In those cases the movements won't drag the country into a pointless war with an obvious outcome, but instead bide their time until they become relevant.
武装起义是一个罕见的情况,但正因如此它是非常具有威胁的。如果玩家想要避免一场革命,在革命前是可以埋下很多伏笔并是有很多机会去补偿要革命的人群的。并不是所有的“运动”都会有足够力量或者说参与者为了这场运动足够愤怒以至于去发动一场革命。在这些情况下,这些运动不会把国家拖入一场毫无意义、结果显而易见的战争,而是等待时机,直到它们变得重要起来。


== Political movement ==
== 政治运动 ==
A revolution always starts with a political movement demanding some kind of change to the country's laws. The demand might be to enact something novel, preserve something that is about to be changed, or even restore something that used to exist. Any of these could end in a violent uprising if the movement is radical enough and the player fails to meet its demands.
一场革命总是以要求对国家法律进行某种改变的政治运动开始。需求可能是制定一些先进的东西,保护一些现有的东西,甚至恢复一些曾经存在的东西。如果运动足够激进,且玩家无法满足其要求,那么任何这些运动都可能以暴力起义告终。


=== Support and radicalism ===
=== 支持度和激进度 ===
Political movements have two major attributes to keep an eye on: their support and their radicalism. A movement's support affects how much help they would lend to enacting their desired change if you choose to go along with them, or how much resistance they put up in case of a movement to preserve a law you're trying to change. It also determines how powerful a revolution they can muster, should it come down to that.
政治运动有两个主要特征值得关注: 他们的支持度和激进性。


Meanwhile, radicalism measures how likely they are to revolt if they don't get their way. A movement with strong support and high radicalism is very dangerous. A movement with strong support but low radicalism can be a nuisance but is relatively harmless: they'll work within the system, maybe organize a protest or two, but won't take up arms. Finally, a movement with low support but high radicalism might not stand much of a chance to overthrow the government on their own, but the instability caused by their ideological fervor could be damaging to the country in the short-term and might even create geopolitical opportunities for your neighbors.
一场运动的支持程度,会影响到如果你选择支持他们,他们会在多大程度上帮助实施他们想要的变革,或者他们会在多大程度上抵制一场运动,以维护你试图改变的法律。归结到最后决定了他们能召集起多么强大的革命。


A movement's radicalism originates from two sources: the number of radicals among the pops that support the movement, and the clout of supporting interest groups with approval low enough to be Angry. Since an interest group's approval originates both from the laws of your country and also how Loyal vs radical its supporters are, radical pops can potentially double their impact on a movement's radicalism. The major difference between these two factors is that when pops act through their interest groups their impact is through clout (the national share of their political strength) while direct pop support makes a difference through sheer numbers. This means populist uprisings are possible even though the affected pops don't have any real representation in the halls of power, assuming they're angry enough about their living conditions.
与此同时,激进度衡量的是,如果他们无法如愿以偿,他们反抗的可能性有多大。拥有强大支持和高度激进度的运动是非常危险的。一场支持强大但激度较低的运动可能会令人讨厌,但相对无害: 他们会在体制内工作,可能会组织一两次抗议,但不会拿起武器。最后,一场支持度低但激进程度高的运动可能不太可能靠自己推翻政府,但他们意识形态狂热造成的不稳定可能在短期内对国家造成损害,甚至可能为你的邻居创造地缘政治机会。


While a movement's demands remain unmet, any pops that belong to them will gradually gain radicals. Once the radicalism of a movement has exceeded a certain threshold it will begin organizing an armed uprising. You can monitor this progression in your outliner to see both how rapidly you're moving along the road to revolution and how far you have already gone, both determined by radicalism.
一场运动的激进主义源于两个方面:支持该运动的民众中激进分子的数量,以及支持该运动的利益集团的影响力,这些利益集团的支持率低到足以让人愤怒。由于利益集团的批准既源于你所在国家的法律,也源于其支持者的忠诚与激进程度,激进的民意可能会对运动的激进主义产生双倍的影响。这两个因素之间的主要区别在于,当民众通过他们的利益集团行动时,他们的影响是通过影响力(他们的政治力量在全国的份额),而直接的民众支持通过绝对的数量来产生影响。这意味着民粹主义起义是可能的,即使受影响的民众在权力大厅里没有任何真正的代表,假设他们对自己的生活条件足够愤怒。


This means you can have a direct impact on revolutionary progression. Of course you can cave to the movement's demands, which will placate them and eventually cause them to disband. But you can also address the problem by identifying the troublemakers and deal with them directly: either deradicalize them by improving their living conditions, or suppressing their contrarian ways by other means.
当一个运动的要求得不到满足时,任何属于他们的人都会逐渐变得激进。一旦运动的激进程度超过了一定的限度,它就会开始组织武装起义。你可以在你的大纲中监控这个进程,看看你在革命的道路上走得有多快,你已经走了多远,这两者都是由激进主义决定的。


If you manage to get the movement's radicalism under control, you can make the revolution fizzle out on its own without giving an inch.
这意味着你可以对革命进程产生直接影响。当然,你可以屈服于运动的要求,这将安抚他们,并最终导致他们解散。但你也可以通过识别麻烦制造者并直接处理他们来解决问题:要么通过改善他们的生活条件使他们变得激进,要么通过其他方式压制他们的逆反行为。


== Home affairs ==
如果你能控制住这场运动的激进主义,你就能让这场革命在不让步的情况下自行失败。
Another way of keeping revolutions in check is by establishing a Home Affairs institution. By sinking Bureaucracy into Home Affairs you can more easily keep your troublesome elements in check, giving you more room to maneuver politically. As usual such an Institution can take several forms depending on what law establishes it. A National Guard can require you to take more overt, proactive steps to keep law and order, while a Secret Police is able to operate more effectively in the background.


When radical movements are met with obstacles to their revolution for a long time, there's an increasing chance that its revolutionary fervor burns out and the movement disbands.
== 民政 ==
另一种控制革命的方法是建立一个民政事务机构。通过将官僚主义纳入内政事务,你可以更容易地控制你的麻烦因素,给你更多的政治回旋余地。通常,这种机构可以采取几种形式,这取决于建立它的法律。国民警卫队可能要求你采取更公开、更积极的措施来维护法律和秩序,而秘密警察则能够在后台更有效地运作。


== Revolutionary country ==
当激进运动长期遇到革命障碍时,其革命热情燃尽和运动解散的可能性就越来越大。
But let's say you don't manage to placate or obstruct the political movement and the revolutionary progression boils over a required threshold. In this case an armed uprising will take a number of your states, proportional to the strength of the movement and localized roughly where its supporters are, to form a new revolutionary country. This country has the same technology as you but with some differences in laws, to reflect the ideological desires of the political movement's leadership. Furthermore, the interest groups in this new country will become marginalized if they do not support the revolution, while the opposite is true in the loyalist part of the country.


Obviously, characters supporting revolutionary interest groups will join the revolution. This includes not only interest group leaders, but also those Generals and Admirals you may have carefully nurtured over many military campaigns and who may by now be in charge of most of your forces. Even if you win against them, they won't be making it back to your country - alive, at least.
== 革命国家组织 ==
但假设你没有设法安抚或阻碍政治运动,革命进程超过了要求的门槛。在这种情况下,武装起义将会在你们的一些州,根据运动的力量和支持者的大致位置,形成一个新的革命国家。这个国家拥有和你们一样的技术,但在法律上有所不同,以反映政治运动领导层的意识形态欲望。此外,如果这个新国家的利益集团不支持革命,他们将被边缘化,而在这个国家的忠诚者部分则相反。


All other properties of this new country are dependent on the states they won over. If the revolution takes all your Barracks and Arms Industries, you might be in big trouble; if the revolutionary states consist mostly of Paper Mills and Art Academies, maybe you're not so worried (until your Government Administrations start grinding to a halt and your aristocracy get mad about the lack of culture workers to patronize, that is). And of course, the loyalist part of the country retains all their hard-won diplomatic pacts and treaties, while the pretender has to start from scratch.
显然,支持革命利益集团的人物会加入革命。这不仅包括利益集团的领导人,还包括那些你在许多军事行动中精心培养的将军和海军上将,他们现在可能负责你的大部分部队。即使你赢了他们,他们也不会回到你的国家——至少不会活着。


== Revolutionary play ==
  这个新国家的所有其他财产都依赖于他们争取来的各州。如果革命夺走了你所有的兵营和武器工业,你可能会有大麻烦;如果革命国家主要由造纸厂和艺术学院组成,也许你就不会那么担心了(直到你的政府管理开始停滞不前,你的贵族们因为缺乏文化工作者而生气,那就是)。当然,这个国家的忠诚者保留了所有来之不易的外交协定和条约,而伪装者必须从头开始。
What follows is a Revolutionary [Diplomatic] Play where the stakes are very simple: the loyalist part of the country tries to crush the rebellion, while the revolutionary country tries to swarm the loyalists. Other countries with an Interest in the region can participate in this Play as usual. It is not uncommon for countries with good relations to the country before the revolution to support the loyalists in restoring order. It is also possible for a country whose government supports the ideals of the revolutionaries to back their side. As such, a revolution might not only result in you having to fight and kill your own people, but your nation might even become the ideological battleground of Great Powers.


If the prospect of winning against the revolutionaries doesn't look good, like in all Diplomatic Plays you have the option of giving up. But rather than simply backing down and letting the revolutionaries have their way (which, to be frank, you could and should have done a long time ago if that was your intention), in Revolutionary Plays you only have an option to switch sides and take over the revolutionary part of the country in its fight against the loyalists. A daring player might decide to manufacture a powerful revolution on purpose in order to push some highly contentious laws through, though this strategy definitely straddles the line between brilliance and madness.
==  革命的赌局 ==
接下来是一场革命[外交]游戏,赌注非常简单:国家的保皇派试图镇压叛乱,而革命国家试图蜂拥而至的保皇派。其他对本地区有兴趣的国家也可以照常参与。革命前与该国关系良好的国家支持效忠者恢复秩序的情况并不罕见。一个政府支持革命者理想的国家也有可能站在革命者一边。因此,一场革命不仅可能导致你不得不与自己的人民战斗和杀戮,而且你的国家甚至可能成为大国意识形态的战场。


It's important to note that there is no potential for a “white peace” in a revolution. Either side can capitulate, of course, but a peace cannot be signed without one party pressing their war goal and annexing the other side. By the end of the revolution, only one country will be left standing.
  如果战胜革命者的前景不容乐观,就像在所有外交游戏中一样,你可以选择放弃。但是,比起简单地退让,让革命者为所欲为(坦白说,如果这是你的意图,你早就应该这么做了),在《革命戏剧》中,你只有一个选择,即改变立场,接管国家的革命部分,与保皇派作战。大胆的玩家可能会故意制造一场强大的革命,以推动一些极具争议性的法律通过,尽管这种策略确实跨越了聪明与疯狂之间的界限。


== Cost ==
  值得注意的是,在革命中不可能有“白色和平 。当然,任何一方都可以投降,但如果一方不急于实现自己的战争目标并吞并另一方,就无法签署和平协议。到革命结束时,只有一个国家会屹立不倒。
Needless to say, while all wars are expensive, civil wars are doubly so. A quick and decisive victory with minimal casualties is the best you can hope for - a long, drawn-out war amassing casualties and devastation on both sides might result in a country so broken it will take decades to rebuild. But once the war is over, the interest groups that lost the power struggle are defeated, for a time. Perhaps during this “golden age you will have the opportunity to effect some much-needed political change and rise from the ashes?


Losing a revolutionary war means your country loses all its territory and pops, in other words Game Over. This is something we've gone back and forth on during development, because while we do want you to be able to drastically transform your country through revolution, we don't want to encourage you to just give up if things are looking bleak because resisting means a prolonged conflict leading to a more war-torn country in the end. So pick your side, but do it carefully! Should you end up losing after all, just like in any Game Over situation you can choose to continue playing as a different country, including the political faction that just took over yours.
== 所失 ==
不用说,所有的战争都是昂贵的,内战更是如此。一场伤亡最少的速战速决的胜利是你所能期待的最好结果——一场旷日持久的战争,双方伤亡惨重,满目疮痍,可能会导致一个国家支离破碎,需要几十年才能重建。但是一旦战争结束,在权力斗争中失败的利益集团就会暂时被击败。也许在这个“黄金时代”,你将有机会实现一些急需的政治变革,从灰烬中崛起?


== References ==
革命战争的失败意味着你的国家失去了所有的领土和人口,换句话说,游戏结束了。这是我们在开发过程中反复考虑的问题,因为虽然我们确实希望你能够通过革命彻底改变你的国家,但我们不想鼓励你在事情看起来黯淡时就放弃,因为抵抗意味着长期的冲突,最终会导致一个更加饱受战争蹂躏的国家。所以选择你的立场,但要小心!如果你最终失败了,就像在任何游戏结束的情况下,你可以选择以不同的国家继续游戏,包括刚刚接管你的政治派别。
 
== 参考文献 ==
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[[Category:政治]]
[[Category:政治]]
[[en:Revolution]]
[[en:Revolution]]

2024年4月18日 (四) 01:49的最新版本

正在进行的法律改革和维护现行法律的运动。

革命可以被认为是游戏中经济和政治失衡导致的失败结果。革命的产生意味着玩家没有成功平衡不同人群对物质和精神的需求,这将会导致一个或数个群体决定在他们掌控的土地上制造麻烦。这可能会产生非常恶劣的巨大社会动荡,但是如果玩家能妥善利用这场动乱,一个国家不仅有机会从这场灾难中翻身,更能够变得比原来更强。

武装起义是一个罕见的情况,但正因如此它是非常具有威胁的。如果玩家想要避免一场革命,在革命前是可以埋下很多伏笔并是有很多机会去补偿要革命的人群的。并不是所有的“运动”都会有足够力量或者说参与者为了这场运动足够愤怒以至于去发动一场革命。在这些情况下,这些运动不会把国家拖入一场毫无意义、结果显而易见的战争,而是等待时机,直到它们变得重要起来。

政治运动

一场革命总是以要求对国家法律进行某种改变的政治运动开始。需求可能是制定一些先进的东西,保护一些现有的东西,甚至恢复一些曾经存在的东西。如果运动足够激进,且玩家无法满足其要求,那么任何这些运动都可能以暴力起义告终。

支持度和激进度

政治运动有两个主要特征值得关注:他们的支持度和激进性。

一场运动的支持程度,会影响到如果你选择支持他们,他们会在多大程度上帮助实施他们想要的变革,或者他们会在多大程度上抵制一场运动,以维护你试图改变的法律。归结到最后决定了他们能召集起多么强大的革命。

与此同时,激进度衡量的是,如果他们无法如愿以偿,他们反抗的可能性有多大。拥有强大支持和高度激进度的运动是非常危险的。一场支持强大但激度较低的运动可能会令人讨厌,但相对无害:他们会在体制内工作,可能会组织一两次抗议,但不会拿起武器。最后,一场支持度低但激进程度高的运动可能不太可能靠自己推翻政府,但他们意识形态狂热造成的不稳定可能在短期内对国家造成损害,甚至可能为你的邻居创造地缘政治机会。

一场运动的激进主义源于两个方面:支持该运动的民众中激进分子的数量,以及支持该运动的利益集团的影响力,这些利益集团的支持率低到足以让人愤怒。由于利益集团的批准既源于你所在国家的法律,也源于其支持者的忠诚与激进程度,激进的民意可能会对运动的激进主义产生双倍的影响。这两个因素之间的主要区别在于,当民众通过他们的利益集团行动时,他们的影响是通过影响力(他们的政治力量在全国的份额),而直接的民众支持通过绝对的数量来产生影响。这意味着民粹主义起义是可能的,即使受影响的民众在权力大厅里没有任何真正的代表,假设他们对自己的生活条件足够愤怒。

当一个运动的要求得不到满足时,任何属于他们的人都会逐渐变得激进。一旦运动的激进程度超过了一定的限度,它就会开始组织武装起义。你可以在你的大纲中监控这个进程,看看你在革命的道路上走得有多快,你已经走了多远,这两者都是由激进主义决定的。

这意味着你可以对革命进程产生直接影响。当然,你可以屈服于运动的要求,这将安抚他们,并最终导致他们解散。但你也可以通过识别麻烦制造者并直接处理他们来解决问题:要么通过改善他们的生活条件使他们变得激进,要么通过其他方式压制他们的逆反行为。

如果你能控制住这场运动的激进主义,你就能让这场革命在不让步的情况下自行失败。

民政

另一种控制革命的方法是建立一个民政事务机构。通过将官僚主义纳入内政事务,你可以更容易地控制你的麻烦因素,给你更多的政治回旋余地。通常,这种机构可以采取几种形式,这取决于建立它的法律。国民警卫队可能要求你采取更公开、更积极的措施来维护法律和秩序,而秘密警察则能够在后台更有效地运作。

当激进运动长期遇到革命障碍时,其革命热情燃尽和运动解散的可能性就越来越大。

革命国家组织

但假设你没有设法安抚或阻碍政治运动,革命进程超过了要求的门槛。在这种情况下,武装起义将会在你们的一些州,根据运动的力量和支持者的大致位置,形成一个新的革命国家。这个国家拥有和你们一样的技术,但在法律上有所不同,以反映政治运动领导层的意识形态欲望。此外,如果这个新国家的利益集团不支持革命,他们将被边缘化,而在这个国家的忠诚者部分则相反。

显然,支持革命利益集团的人物会加入革命。这不仅包括利益集团的领导人,还包括那些你在许多军事行动中精心培养的将军和海军上将,他们现在可能负责你的大部分部队。即使你赢了他们,他们也不会回到你的国家——至少不会活着。

这个新国家的所有其他财产都依赖于他们争取来的各州。如果革命夺走了你所有的兵营和武器工业,你可能会有大麻烦;如果革命国家主要由造纸厂和艺术学院组成,也许你就不会那么担心了(直到你的政府管理开始停滞不前,你的贵族们因为缺乏文化工作者而生气,那就是)。当然,这个国家的忠诚者保留了所有来之不易的外交协定和条约,而伪装者必须从头开始。

革命的赌局

接下来是一场革命[外交]游戏,赌注非常简单:国家的保皇派试图镇压叛乱,而革命国家试图蜂拥而至的保皇派。其他对本地区有兴趣的国家也可以照常参与。革命前与该国关系良好的国家支持效忠者恢复秩序的情况并不罕见。一个政府支持革命者理想的国家也有可能站在革命者一边。因此,一场革命不仅可能导致你不得不与自己的人民战斗和杀戮,而且你的国家甚至可能成为大国意识形态的战场。

如果战胜革命者的前景不容乐观,就像在所有外交游戏中一样,你可以选择放弃。但是,比起简单地退让,让革命者为所欲为(坦白说,如果这是你的意图,你早就应该这么做了),在《革命戏剧》中,你只有一个选择,即改变立场,接管国家的革命部分,与保皇派作战。大胆的玩家可能会故意制造一场强大的革命,以推动一些极具争议性的法律通过,尽管这种策略确实跨越了聪明与疯狂之间的界限。

值得注意的是,在革命中不可能有“白色和平”。当然,任何一方都可以投降,但如果一方不急于实现自己的战争目标并吞并另一方,就无法签署和平协议。到革命结束时,只有一个国家会屹立不倒。

所失

不用说,所有的战争都是昂贵的,内战更是如此。一场伤亡最少的速战速决的胜利是你所能期待的最好结果——一场旷日持久的战争,双方伤亡惨重,满目疮痍,可能会导致一个国家支离破碎,需要几十年才能重建。但是一旦战争结束,在权力斗争中失败的利益集团就会暂时被击败。也许在这个“黄金时代”,你将有机会实现一些急需的政治变革,从灰烬中崛起?

革命战争的失败意味着你的国家失去了所有的领土和人口,换句话说,游戏结束了。这是我们在开发过程中反复考虑的问题,因为虽然我们确实希望你能够通过革命彻底改变你的国家,但我们不想鼓励你在事情看起来黯淡时就放弃,因为抵抗意味着长期的冲突,最终会导致一个更加饱受战争蹂躏的国家。所以选择你的立场,但要小心!如果你最终失败了,就像在任何游戏结束的情况下,你可以选择以不同的国家继续游戏,包括刚刚接管你的政治派别。

参考文献