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| Victoria 3's economic model is combined of several interrelated systems: Standard of living, Wealth, Pop needs, and Consumption.
| | 维多利亚3的经济模型结合了几个相互关联的系统：生活水平、财富、人群需求和消费，并且会影响人群的出生率和受教育机会，如果通过了私人医疗保险，还会额外影响人群的死亡率 |
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| == Standard of living score == | | == 生活水平数值 == |
| All pops in Victoria 3 have a standard of living score between 1 and 99, which represents how great their life is. Pops with levels 1-4 are labeled Starving, levels 5-9 are Struggling, and so on through Impoverished, Middling, Secure, Prosperous, Affluent, wealthy, Lavish, and at levels 60+, Opulent. We don't really expect a lot of pops to reach levels 60+ but - knowing you folks - we've left plenty of headroom to accommodate your mad economic experiments.
| | 维多利亚 3 的所有人群都有一个在 1 到 99 之间的生活水平数值，这代表了他们的生活有多美好。 1-4 级的人口被标记为饥饿，5-9 级为挣扎，依此类推，依次为贫困、温饱、安稳、宽裕、殷实、富有、奢侈，60 级以上为奢华。我们并不期望有很多人群达到 60 级以上，但是——因为很懂你们——我们已经留下了足够的空间来适应你们疯狂的经济实验。 |
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| Standard of living affects two major aspects of the game: birth/death rate, and pop loyalty.
| | 生活水平影响游戏的两个主要方面：出生/ 死亡率和人群忠诚度。 |
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| Birth rate is simply the percentage of children born to pops each year, while death rate is the percentage of pops who die. Both values start out high and decline with increasing standard of living, but birth rate declines slower than death rate, leading to a net increase in population growth with increasing standard of living. This system models that increasing standard of living tends to lead to longer life expectancy but declining birth rate. Each parameter can be modified independently by a variety of effects.
| | 出生率只是每年人群出生的孩子的百分比，而死亡率是人群死亡的百分比。这两个值一开始都很高，且随着生活水平的提高而下降，但出生率的下降速度慢于死亡率，导致人群增长随着生活水平的提高而净增长。该系统模拟了生活水平的提高往往会导致预期寿命延长但出生率下降。每个参数都可以通过各种效果独立修改。 |
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| Pop loyalty is altered whenever their standard of living increases or declines from its current value. Martin will get into much more detail on this in next week's Development Diary on Political Movements.
| | 每当人群的生活水平从其当前值上升或下降时，他们的忠诚度就会改变。马丁将在下周的政治运动发展日记中详细介绍这一点。 |
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| == Wealth == | | == 财富 == |
| A pop's wealth attribute forms the foundation for its standard of living. Pops can also gain more intangible boosts or penalties to their standard of living from any number of sources.
| | 人群的财富属性是其生活水平的基础。其他来源也能无形地促进或惩罚他们的生活水平。 |
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| Pops accumulate wealth over time while their weekly income exceeds their weekly expenses. Conversely, if a pop's expenses exceed its income, wealth will decline. How large their expenses are depends on what and how much they consume, which is also dependent on their wealth. What this means is that as long as a pop's income remains the same, and the cost of the goods and services in their state and market remains the same, that pop's wealth will over time drift towards exactly the level of consumption they can afford to sustain. Of course, as wealth changes the consumption also changes, which affects the prices of the goods in the market, which might in turn affect their wages, dividends, etcetera.
| | 当人群每周的收入超过他们每周的支出时，他们的财富会随着时间的推移而积累。反之，如果人群的支出超过其收入，财富就会下降。他们的支出有多大，取决于他们消费的内容和数量，这也取决于他们的财富。这意味着，只要人群的收入保持不变，他们所在的国家和市场的商品和服务的成本保持不变，随着时间的推移，这个人群的财富将正好朝着他们能够承受的消费水平移动。当然，随着财富的变化，消费也会发生变化，这就会影响到市场上商品的价格，这又会影响到他们的工资、红利等等。 |
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| Wealth has a number of functions in addition to forming the basis for standard of living. A pop's raw Political Strength (excluding any such power conferred by the country's Voting Franchise, which is treated separately) is dependent on their wealth. Some privately operated Institutions provide benefits to pops only in relation to their wealth. Many Professional Qualifications also require pops to have a certain amount of wealth.
| | 财富除了构成生活水平的基础外，还有一些功能。人群的原始政治力量（不包括由国家投票权赋予的任何此类权力，这将被单独处理）取决于他们的财富。一些私人经营的机构只向民众提供与他们的财富有关的福利。许多职业资格认证也要求民众拥有一定的财富。 |
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| == Pop needs == | | == 人群需求 == |
| {{main|Needs}} | | {{ 主条目| 需求}} |
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| Each wealth level is defined by a set of needs and an amount of "value" that needs to be spent on goods to fulfill that need. This “value” is defined in goods base prices, such that the need for Standard Clothing for a pop of size 10,000 with wealth level 14 might be fulfilled by buying £87 worth of Clothes, assuming perfectly balanced supply and demand. If the actual price of Clothes where the pop lives is over-demanded, their cost to fulfill this need will also be higher. As a result, cheaper goods means wealthier, happier pops.
| | 每个财富等级由一组需求和为满足该需求而需要花费在商品上的 " 价值 " 量来定义。这个 "价值 "是以商品的基础价格来定义的，例如，假设供需完全平衡，一个财富等级为14级的10,000 人对标准衣物的需求可以通过购买价值87英镑的衣物来满足。如果人口居住地区对衣物的需求导致实际价格变高，他们满足这一需求的成本也会更高。因此，便宜的商品意味着更富裕、更快乐的人群。 |
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| Many needs can be satisfied by a variety of different goods. For example, the need for Heating requires Wood, Fabric, Coal, Oil, and/or Electricity. These can be purchased in any combination assuming the total base prices add up to the required value. When given this option pops will attempt to make a rational purchase decision based on which goods are the most available, satisfying their need with some mix of these goods or even only one, if that's the only one available. In this way an inland, isolated state might not consume any Fish at all as long as it has sufficient Grain, Fruit, Meat, or even packaged Groceries to satisfy their need for food.
| | 许多需求可以通过各种不同的商品来满足。例如，加热供暖的需求需要木材、织物、煤炭、油和/ 或电力。这些商品可以以任何组合购买，只要总的基本价格加起来达到了所需的价值。当可以做选择时，人们会试图根据哪种商品是最值得用的来做出理性的购买决定，用这些商品的某种组合来满足他们的需求，甚至只有一种，如果这是唯一可用的商品。这样，一个内陆的、孤立的国家可能根本不消费任何鱼类，只要它有足够的谷物、水果、肉类，甚至是加工食品来满足他们对食物的需求。 |
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| Goods can also appear in several different needs categories. Groceries, Meat, and Fruit can fulfil the need for both Basic Food and Luxury Food, but Grain or Fish can only fulfil the need for Basic Food. As a result, maintaining only Millet Farms and Fishing Wharfs to meet your food needs will mostly satisfy your poor pops, while focusing on Livestock Ranches and Banana Plantations will cause wealthy pops to inflate the price of the available food supply and further impoverish the poor. Operating productive Food Industries that can turn Grain and Fish into Groceries is good for everyone in your country, and frees up any available supply of Meat and Fruit to be consumed by those with a need for Luxury Food.
| | 商品也可以出现在几个不同的需求类别中。加工食品、肉类和水果可以满足基础食品和高档食品的需求，但谷物或鱼类只能满足基础食品的需求。因此，只维持杂谷农场和渔业码头来满足你的食物需求，将主要满足你的贫困人群，而专注于畜牧场和香蕉种植园将导致富有人群抬高现有食品供应的价格，使贫困人群进一步贫困化。经营食品厂，将谷物和鱼类变成加工食品，对你的国家的每个人都有好处，并释放出任何可用的肉类和水果供应，供那些对高档食品有需求的人消费。 |
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| Lower wealth levels have only a handful of needs, such as Simple Clothing, Heating, Basic Food, and Intoxicants. The middle levels introduce more refined needs like Household Items, Services, Luxury Drinks, and Free Movement. Really wealthy pops consume increasingly vast quantities of Luxury Goods to impress and outdo their peers. In some cases needs disappear entirely in favor of more diverse needs. The need for Simple Clothing which can be satisfied by both Fabric and Clothes will, as a pop is raised from abject poverty, be gradually phased out by the need for Standard Clothing which include only professionally sewn items.
| | 较低的财富水平只有少量的需求，如简朴衣物、加热供暖、基础食品和麻醉品。中等水平引入了更精细的需求，如家用物品、服务、高档饮品和自由迁徙。真正富有的人群消费越来越多的奢侈品，以打动和超越他们的同行。在某些情况下，需求完全消失，以支持更多样化的需求。对简朴衣物的需求，可以通过织物和衣物来满足，当人群从赤贫中成长起来时，这种需求将逐渐被标准衣物的需求替代，因为标准衣物只包括专业缝制的物品。 |
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| Introducing new goods into your market will help you diversify your economy and alleviate the demand on crucial industrial goods. Importing Oil - either petroleum from newly discovered deposits or whale oil from the few places in the world that produce it - will cause your pops to buy some quantity of it for heating instead of Coal or Electricity, which lowers the price of those goods and help make your industries more profitable. Introducing Opium into your market will decrease pop demand for Liquor and Tobacco... for good or ill.
| | 为你的市场引入新的商品将帮助你实现经济的多样化，并减轻对关键工业品的需求。进口油——无论是来自新发现的矿藏的石油，还是来自世界上少数几个生产油的地方的鲸鱼油——都会使你的人群购买一定数量的石油来加热供暖，而不是煤炭或电力，这就降低了这些商品的价格，使你的工业更有利可图。将鸦片引入你的市场会减少民众对酒类和烟草的需求...... 无论好坏。 |
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| Some goods are favored over others by default if available. Once Electricity is available to them, due to its convenience pops will prefer to buy it over Wood or Coal, even if they're the same price. Some goods can be replaced by other goods entirely, while others will always be required to some bare minimum. Train travel can completely replace the need for having your own Automobile to drive around in, but having an Automobile doesn't ever completely remove the need for an occasional train ride to see your cousin who lives all the way in Paris.
| | 如果有的话，有些商品会默认比其他商品更受欢迎。一旦有了电力，由于其便利性，人们会更愿意购买它而不是木材或煤炭，即使它们的价格相同。有些商品可以被其他商品完全取代，而其他商品则总是有最低限度的需求。火车旅行可以完全取代拥有自己的汽车来驾驶的需要，但拥有汽车并不能完全消除偶尔乘坐火车去看住在巴黎的表弟的需求。 |
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| == Obsessions and taboos == | | == 痴迷和禁忌 == |
| In addition to these factors cultures can develop obsessions for certain goods, and some even have taboos they must abide by. A country can also encourage or discourage the consumption of certain goods using Authority, perhaps in an effort to avoid enriching a hated enemy or entice pops to buy something that's heavily taxed over something that is not. This impacts the purchase habits of pops affected despite this being irrational from a strictly financial perspective.
| | 除了这些因素外，文化可以对某些商品产生痴迷，有些甚至有他们必须遵守的禁忌。一个国家也可以用权威力来鼓励或限制某些商品的消费，也许是为了避免让一个可恨的敌人致富，或者诱使民众购买征收重税的东西而非不征收的。尽管从严格的财务角度看这是不理性的，但这确实改变了受影响的人群的购买习惯。 |
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| == 参 见 == | | == 参 考资料== |
| <references/> | | <references/>{{Economy navbox}} |
| [[分类:游戏概念]] | | [[分类:游戏概念]] |
| [[en:Standard of living]] | | [[en:Standard of living]] |
维多利亚3的经济模型结合了几个相互关联的系统：生活水平、财富、人群需求和消费，并且会影响人群的出生率和受教育机会，如果通过了私人医疗保险，还会额外影响人群的死亡率
生活水平数值
维多利亚 3 的所有人群都有一个在 1 到 99 之间的生活水平数值，这代表了他们的生活有多美好。 1-4 级的人口被标记为饥饿，5-9 级为挣扎，依此类推，依次为贫困、温饱、安稳、宽裕、殷实、富有、奢侈，60 级以上为奢华。我们并不期望有很多人群达到 60 级以上，但是——因为很懂你们——我们已经留下了足够的空间来适应你们疯狂的经济实验。
生活水平影响游戏的两个主要方面：出生/死亡率和人群忠诚度。
出生率只是每年人群出生的孩子的百分比，而死亡率是人群死亡的百分比。这两个值一开始都很高，且随着生活水平的提高而下降，但出生率的下降速度慢于死亡率，导致人群增长随着生活水平的提高而净增长。该系统模拟了生活水平的提高往往会导致预期寿命延长但出生率下降。每个参数都可以通过各种效果独立修改。
每当人群的生活水平从其当前值上升或下降时，他们的忠诚度就会改变。马丁将在下周的政治运动发展日记中详细介绍这一点。
财富
人群的财富属性是其生活水平的基础。其他来源也能无形地促进或惩罚他们的生活水平。
当人群每周的收入超过他们每周的支出时，他们的财富会随着时间的推移而积累。反之，如果人群的支出超过其收入，财富就会下降。他们的支出有多大，取决于他们消费的内容和数量，这也取决于他们的财富。这意味着，只要人群的收入保持不变，他们所在的国家和市场的商品和服务的成本保持不变，随着时间的推移，这个人群的财富将正好朝着他们能够承受的消费水平移动。当然，随着财富的变化，消费也会发生变化，这就会影响到市场上商品的价格，这又会影响到他们的工资、红利等等。
财富除了构成生活水平的基础外，还有一些功能。人群的原始政治力量（不包括由国家投票权赋予的任何此类权力，这将被单独处理）取决于他们的财富。一些私人经营的机构只向民众提供与他们的财富有关的福利。许多职业资格认证也要求民众拥有一定的财富。
人群需求
每个财富等级由一组需求和为满足该需求而需要花费在商品上的 "价值 "量来定义。这个 "价值 "是以商品的基础价格来定义的，例如，假设供需完全平衡，一个财富等级为14级的10,000人对标准衣物的需求可以通过购买价值87英镑的衣物来满足。如果人口居住地区对衣物的需求导致实际价格变高，他们满足这一需求的成本也会更高。因此，便宜的商品意味着更富裕、更快乐的人群。
许多需求可以通过各种不同的商品来满足。例如，加热供暖的需求需要木材、织物、煤炭、油和/或电力。这些商品可以以任何组合购买，只要总的基本价格加起来达到了所需的价值。当可以做选择时，人们会试图根据哪种商品是最值得用的来做出理性的购买决定，用这些商品的某种组合来满足他们的需求，甚至只有一种，如果这是唯一可用的商品。这样，一个内陆的、孤立的国家可能根本不消费任何鱼类，只要它有足够的谷物、水果、肉类，甚至是加工食品来满足他们对食物的需求。
商品也可以出现在几个不同的需求类别中。加工食品、肉类和水果可以满足基础食品和高档食品的需求，但谷物或鱼类只能满足基础食品的需求。因此，只维持杂谷农场和渔业码头来满足你的食物需求，将主要满足你的贫困人群，而专注于畜牧场和香蕉种植园将导致富有人群抬高现有食品供应的价格，使贫困人群进一步贫困化。经营食品厂，将谷物和鱼类变成加工食品，对你的国家的每个人都有好处，并释放出任何可用的肉类和水果供应，供那些对高档食品有需求的人消费。
较低的财富水平只有少量的需求，如简朴衣物、加热供暖、基础食品和麻醉品。中等水平引入了更精细的需求，如家用物品、服务、高档饮品和自由迁徙。真正富有的人群消费越来越多的奢侈品，以打动和超越他们的同行。在某些情况下，需求完全消失，以支持更多样化的需求。对简朴衣物的需求，可以通过织物和衣物来满足，当人群从赤贫中成长起来时，这种需求将逐渐被标准衣物的需求替代，因为标准衣物只包括专业缝制的物品。
为你的市场引入新的商品将帮助你实现经济的多样化，并减轻对关键工业品的需求。进口油——无论是来自新发现的矿藏的石油，还是来自世界上少数几个生产油的地方的鲸鱼油——都会使你的人群购买一定数量的石油来加热供暖，而不是煤炭或电力，这就降低了这些商品的价格，使你的工业更有利可图。将鸦片引入你的市场会减少民众对酒类和烟草的需求......无论好坏。
如果有的话，有些商品会默认比其他商品更受欢迎。一旦有了电力，由于其便利性，人们会更愿意购买它而不是木材或煤炭，即使它们的价格相同。有些商品可以被其他商品完全取代，而其他商品则总是有最低限度的需求。火车旅行可以完全取代拥有自己的汽车来驾驶的需要，但拥有汽车并不能完全消除偶尔乘坐火车去看住在巴黎的表弟的需求。
痴迷和禁忌
除了这些因素外，文化可以对某些商品产生痴迷，有些甚至有他们必须遵守的禁忌。一个国家也可以用权威力来鼓励或限制某些商品的消费，也许是为了避免让一个可恨的敌人致富，或者诱使民众购买征收重税的东西而非不征收的。尽管从严格的财务角度看这是不理性的，但这确实改变了受影响的人群的购买习惯。
参考资料